不同基质、药剂对长白山钙果绿枝扦插生根的影响

长白山钙果绿枝扦插试验表明：以沸腾炉灰作为绿枝扦插基质效果最好,洁净的河沙基质次之,田土作为培养基质效果最差。从单一的药剂浓度来看,以IAA 800mg.L-1浓度处理插穗成活率最高,1 000mg.L-1浓度处理效果次之。从药剂与基质的交互效果来看,以沸腾炉灰基质与IAA 800mg.L-1及IAA 1 000mg.L-1组合处理效果最佳,沙子基质与IAA800mg.L-1组合处理效果次之。     

静电场对三角梅插穗生根及几种生理生化指标的影响

在三角梅种苗智能化快繁中,设置0、30、60、90 kV/cm四种静电场处理,探讨对三角梅插穗生根及生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:三角梅插穗生根期间,在0～60 kV/cm静电场范围内插穗的成活率、根系活力、根鲜重、可溶性糖含量、POD酶活性随着电场强度的增强而提高,其中在不定根诱导期插穗的吲哚乙酸氧化酶活性也随着电场强度的增强而提高。90 kV/cm静电场处理插穗的成活率、根系活力、可溶性糖含量、POD酶活性、吲哚乙酸氧化酶活性反而下降;30～90 kV/cm静电场处理插穗的可溶性蛋白含量均高于对照,且随着电场强度的增强而增加。方差分析表明,60 kV/cm静电场处理生物学效应好,其成活率、根系活力、根鲜重均显著高于对照,是三角梅插穗生根的最佳静电场处理;90 kV/cm电场处理不利于三角梅插穗生根及生理生化代谢,说明了静电场对三角梅插穗生根及生理生化的影响存在着电场极限。     

ABT处理和插穗长度对栝楼扦插苗质量的影响

栝楼是雌雄异株植物,在人工栽培过程中,扦插快繁技术能有效控制雌雄株合适比例;本试验研究了ABT不同浓度（0mg/l、50 mg/l、100 mg/l和200 mg/l）、100 mg/l浓度时不同浸泡时间（10min、20 min、40 min和60 min）和不同插穗长度（1节、2节和3节）对扦插生根率和移栽成活率的影响。实验结果表明：在用珍珠岩做基质时,栝楼扦插快繁适合的条件是：选用当年生的2节插穗,用100mg/l浓度的ABT粉浸泡40分钟;该处理条件下,插穗具有100%的生根率和99%的移栽成活率以及较好的综合经济效益     

不同处理对四翅滨藜嫩枝扦插育苗的影响

嫩枝扦插是四翅滨藜最主要的苗木繁育方式,但插穗不足、高温期扦插育苗给水平衡以及移栽成活率低等问题制约着规模化生产。采用单因素随机试验设计及随机抽样调查法进行试验研究。结果表明,二次修剪较一次修剪提高成品穗条126.7%,采前科学施肥灌水能够提高扦插生根率3.8%,40%~60%遮阳能够提高插穗生根率6.2%,基质穴盘育苗有利于缩短育苗时间,提高苗木移栽成活率13.2%。     

湿加松扦插繁殖配套技术

文章从扦插繁殖基地建设和技术环节两方面来阐述湿加松扦插繁殖配套技术。在基地建设方面,提出分区建设思路,将基地区分为生产区和配套设施两大部分,其中生产区包括采穗圃、扦插圃、炼苗圃,配套设施包括7个部分,并就基地总体布局、各区建设要点和使用设施等作了详细说明。以年产100万株扦插苗的规模为例,对基地的建设投资进行了概算。在技术方面,重点介绍了采穗母株培育技术、采穗圃营建技术、扦插繁殖技术和出圃苗木的管理技术。并对营建湿加松扦插繁殖基地的投资收益与风险作了分析。对新建湿加松扦插繁殖苗圃具有指导意义。     

Genetic difference in adventitious rhizogenesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Albizia procera</Emphasis> Benth. with IBA treatment

Variable adventitious rhizogenesis of juvenile shoot cuttings was observed in seven half-sib families (TP-1, BAN-1, AN-3, JR-3, SL-16, UM-3, and UM-5) of Albizia procera Benth. Treatment with IBA invariably promoted sprouting by 8%, adventitious rooting by 218%, root number by 869%, and root length by 36.4% compared with the control. Interaction between families and IBA treatment significantly enhanced sprouting and root length in BAN-1, JR-3, UM-3, and UM-5, and root number in all families, but had a significant suppressive effect on sprouting in AN-3. Treatment with IBA increased family heritability (h _f ²) 1.38-fold for sprouting, 2.86-fold for adventitious rooting, and 10.86-fold for root number, but reduced family heritability by a factor of 8.25 for root length. Thus, direct genetic effects seem to have strongly affected sprouting and adventitious rooting, with IBA playing an auxiliary role, but had little effect on root number and length, for which IBA had a dominant regulatory role.     

陕西卫矛夏季嫁接试验

试验表明:陕西卫矛用丝绵木为砧木,在生长季节截头插皮枝接比芽接成活率高出24%,冠形好,成型更快,是一种高效的好方法.     

普通麻花钻寿命评定指标的综合评价

通过钻削铸铁试验,对钻头磨损过程特性进行了分析.首次从可靠性、灵敏性、稳定性、测量难易性和磨钝标准确定的方便性等几个方面对钻头寿命评定指标VB_c,VB_(c1),VB_(c2),VB_B,VB_R和ω_φ进行了综合评价.得出了指标VB_R和VB_c是钻削铸铁的较优的钻头寿命评定指标的结论,并指出了通过试验评价钻头的切削性能或钻头寿命时必须优化试验的切削条件和合理确定试验的磨钝标准.     

高速钻削复合材料的切削力

采用多种硬质合金钻头,在高转速和不同进给速度条件下对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料进行孔加工正交试验,通过研究其轴向力和扭矩以分析刀具条件和切削参数的适应性.结果表明:主轴转速是影响轴向力和扭矩的最主要因素,高转速钻削时轴向力和扭矩都显著减小;减小进给速度也使轴向力和扭矩减小,但其影响小于主轴转速.此外,钻头材质对轴向力和扭矩的影响大于钻头几何形状和进给速度;进给速度对轴向力的影响较大,而钻头几何形状对扭矩的影响较大.     

Changes on carbohydrates and nitrogen content in the bark tissues induced by artificial chilling and its relationship with dormancy bud break in Prunus sp.

Stem cuttings of peach, nectarine, plum and apricot, obtained from 1-year-old shoots at leaf drop in autumn, were exposed at a constant 3.0 ± 0.1 °C to simulate different chilling accumulation treatments (0, 500, and 1000 chilling hours). A set of 10 excised shoots was forced to budbreak after chilling accumulation; a second set of 10 excised shoots was used to analyse sugars, starch, and ammonium-, nitric- and proteinaceous-nitrogen content in the bark tissues. Sorbitol, fructose and glucose were the main sugars in the bark tissues, whereas sucrose and rafinose showed the lowest quantities in all Prunus sp. studied. Sorbitol and starch concentration decreased whereas glucose and fructose concentration increased with chilling. Ammonium-nitrogen showed the more dramatic increase with medium chilling treatment, decreasing again at high chilling exposure. No modifications in proteinaceous- and nitric-nitrogen levels were observed due to chilling. Chilling treatments increasing flowering intensity showed high ammonium- and proteinaceous-nitrogen content in the bark tissues of the stem cuttings, whereas those reducing flowering intensity showed high starch and nitric-nitrogen content, in three of the four Prunus sp. studied. Ammonium-nitrogen content gives the highest correlation with flowering intensity.